Meta-regulator No. 2. Redox: a system for maintaining redox homeostasis

The redox regulator is a distributed network that controls the ratio of reduced and oxidized forms of low-molecular electron carriers – NAD⁺/NADH, GSH/GSSG, thioredoxin. It is based on the NRF2/KEAP1 sensory system, which integrates oxidative stress signals and triggers the expression of antioxidant enzymes. the capacity of the cytoplasm, mitochondria and nucleus. The effect on twenty meta-environments of the body has been shown. Pathological conditions in chronic oxidative stress (atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration, diabetes mellitus, sarcopenia) and methods of correction through activation of NRF2, exogenous antioxidants and hormetic effects are considered.