Enzymatic degradation of conjugated polymer thin films for electrochemical transistors

Degradable imine linkers within the polymer backbone enabled acid-triggered organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs). Yet, for many bioelectronic applications, OMIECs must work in direct contact with physiological fluids, making it challenging to achieve both excellent mixed ionic-electronic transport and degradation. A degradation mechanism that is triggered by specific reagents not continuously present in physiological environments (pH 7.4 and 37 °C) is therefore needed. Here, we show that myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme expressed by immune cells, enables the degradation of conjugated polymer films. Specifically, hypochlorite generated by MPO drives the degradation of f-BTI2g-TVTCN, an n-type donor–acceptor polymer with excellent organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) performance (µC* 41.3 F cm−1 V−1 s−1). The process is concentration-dependent, with 50 μM hypochlorite leading to a complete loss of OECT performance within 42 days, whereas devices stored in phosphate buffer retained 42 ± 4% of their initial drain current. Mechanistic studies reveal that degradation proceeds via cleavage of the vinylene bonds accompanied by side-chain oxidation, yielding low-molecular-weight fragments. High-resolution mass spectrometry combined with machine-learning models shows that degradation products have low predicted toxic concern. This work opens a new generation of high-performance OMIECs whose degradation is enabled by immune-specific enzymatic activity under physiological conditions.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-08-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21935226
Primary Topic
Conducting polymers and applications
Type
preprint
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preprint

Enzymatic degradation of conjugated polymer thin films for electrochemical transistors

Anneli Kruve, Biswanath Das, Erica Zeglio, Marine Batista et al.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Conducting polymers and applications
preprint

Enzymatic degradation of conjugated polymer thin films for electrochemical transistors

Anneli Kruve, Biswanath Das, Erica Zeglio, Marine Batista, Anna Herland, Kateryna Solodka, Xugang Guo, Frank Menger, Kui Feng
preprint en

Abstract

Degradable imine linkers within the polymer backbone enabled acid-triggered organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs). Yet, for many bioelectronic applications, OMIECs must work in direct contact with physiological fluids, making it challenging to achieve both excellent mixed ionic-electronic transport and degradation. A degradation mechanism that is triggered by specific reagents not continuously present in physiological environments (pH 7.4 and 37 °C) is therefore needed. Here, we show that myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme expressed by immune cells, enables the degradation of conjugated polymer films. Specifically, hypochlorite generated by MPO drives the degradation of f-BTI2g-TVTCN, an n-type donor–acceptor polymer with excellent organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) performance (µC* 41.3 F cm−1 V−1 s−1). The process is concentration-dependent, with 50 μM hypochlorite leading to a complete loss of OECT performance within 42 days, whereas devices stored in phosphate buffer retained 42 ± 4% of their initial drain current. Mechanistic studies reveal that degradation proceeds via cleavage of the vinylene bonds accompanied by side-chain oxidation, yielding low-molecular-weight fragments. High-resolution mass spectrometry combined with machine-learning models shows that degradation products have low predicted toxic concern. This work opens a new generation of high-performance OMIECs whose degradation is enabled by immune-specific enzymatic activity under physiological conditions.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Stockholm University (SE), Karolinska Institutet (SE), Southern University of Science and Technology (CN), KTH Royal Institute of Technology (SE)
Conducting polymers and applications
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