Ferroelectric domain engineering for tunable catalysis

Ferroelectric materials, distinguished by their unique spontaneous and electrically switchable polarization, have emerged as a transformative platform for dynamically regulating various catalytic processes. The rational design and engineering of ferroelectric domain configurations offer an effective strategy to tailor activity and selectivity of catalyst. This review comprehensively elucidates the fundamental mechanisms by which ferroelectric domains and domain walls manipulate key catalytic processes, including surface adsorption, charge carrier dynamics, and reaction pathways. Recent advances in domain engineering of representative ferroelectric catalytic materials (e.g., perovskite oxides and two-dimensional materials) are summarized. Finally, current challenges and future directions in this field are outlined, highlighting the potential of ferroelectric nanomaterials for next-generation efficient and smart catalytic systems.