Chemotherapy-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Report of a Rare Clinical Case

Aim To present a rare case of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who developed the condition during chemotherapy, in the absence of antiresorptive or antiangiogenic therapy, and to describe its successful surgical management.Case Report A 56-year-old male undergoing chemotherapy for T-cell ALL developed Stage 2 MRONJ during the maintenance phase, despite having no history of antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drug use. Surgical debridement combined with platelet rich fibrin (PRF) application led to complete clinical healing within four months.Discussion This case emphasizes that MRONJ can occur in hematologic malignancy patients receiving chemotherapy alone. The outcome highlights the importance of considering chemotherapy as a potential risk factor and supports the Conclusion MRONJ should be recognized as a possible complication in patients with ALL undergoing chemotherapy, even without exposure to antiresorptive agents. Surgical management with adjunctive PRF may enhance healing outcomes in such cases.