Italian education policy from adaptive projects to systemic solutions: children of migrant parents

This article analyzes the evolution of institutional mechanisms for integrating migrant children into the Italian educational system during the 2014-2020 European Union budget cycle. The study focuses on the transformation of Italian educational policy driven by migration and demographic challenges. The aim of the study is to identify patterns in the transition of Italian educational policy from disparate adaptation initiatives to a sustainable, structurally anchored model for integrating migrant children. The methodological framework of the study includes a systemic-structural approach, qualitative analysis, and the systematization and interpretation of data from official government portals, legal acts, and European Union reports. The study analyzes the main stages of institutionalization of integration mechanisms, national reforms, and supranational funding programs. The results of the study suggest that during the period under review, a comprehensive system emerged in which European Union resources served as a necessary guarantor for the practical implementation of the state-declared social rights of migrant children. The study's findings can be applied to comparative pedagogy, educational policy, and the development of recommendations in countries with growing migration flows. The study's novelty lies in its comprehensive analysis of national regulatory reforms and supranational funding mechanisms in the context of the transition from a monocultural to an intercultural education model. The findings confirm the emergence of a model for migrant children's inclusion based on systemic support from the European Union.