Detailed study of non-equilibrium characteristics of quasi-neutral TNSA plasmas
In an experiment performed in November 2022 at the petawatt (PW) laser facility at Vega III located in Salamanca-Spain, we have studied the successful production of several radioisotopes using protons accelerated by the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) mechanism (Rodrigues et al. [1]).The experimental proton energy distribution recorded on a shot-to-shot basis and confirmed in a follow up experiment (K.Batani et al. [2]), allowed us to derive the number of nuclear reactions taking place in different targets on a single shot.From this analysis, using the ratio of the yields 11 C/ 7 Be, we obtained an effective "single shot" temperature of the TNSA plasma.We used this value to evaluate the yield of particles from the reaction p+ 11 B → 3 which may reach 1.6±0.510 9 in 2.From the fluctuations of the protons and the fusion yields, we derived a "TNSA-Equation of State" (EoS), The deviation of such "EoS" from the classical ideal gas limit is well reproduced by the soliton solution of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation for each shot.We stress that the KdV fit is phenomenological, not a claim about the plasma satisfying KdV conditions.Further experimental and theoretical efforts are needed to clarify the nature of the deviation from the ideal case.
Authors
- Katarzyna Liliana Batani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0009-9904)
- C. Verona (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6401-3765)
- M. R. D. Rodrigues (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8603-2326)
- Giada Petringa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2854-8436)
- Jun Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3096-3217)
- G. G. Rapisarda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4064-2609)
- D. Batani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3159-9461)
- M. Krupka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0784-4145)
- D. Giulietti
- G.A.P. Cirrone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5733-9281)
- V. Istokskaia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4768-9207)
- M. La Cognata (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-4814)
- J. A. Pérez-Hernández (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-0190)
- G. L. Guardo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6834-1034)
- R. Lera (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9303-479X)
- L. Volpe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0385-498X)
- S. Palmerini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5386-8389)
- Aaron McNamee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1359-1380)
- D. Lattuada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1073-1339)
- Sushil Singh
- Evgeny Filippov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-8860)
- H. Larreur
- Shubham Agarwal
- Ferdinanda Consoli
- Daniel Molloy
- Zhe Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3861-930X)
- A. Bonasera
- Riccardo De Angelis
- Michael Ehret
Institutions
- University of Pisa (IT)
- National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (IT)
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- Tongji University (CN)
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Université de Bordeaux (FR)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (IT)
- Universidad de Salamanca (ES)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Charles University (CZ)
- Università degli Studi di Enna Kore (IT)
- University of Perugia (IT)
- Mitchell Institute (US)
- University of Catania (IT)
- FZU ‒ Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (CZ)
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (PL)
- Spanish Center for Pulsed Lasers (ES)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa (IT)
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ES)
- Texas A&M University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- High Power Laser Science and Engineering
- Published
- 2026-08-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1017/hpl.2026.10188
- Primary Topic
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00