Ectopic pleomorphic adenoma of the buccal region in an adolescent: a case report

Abstract Background Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland tumor, accounting for approximately half of all salivary neoplasms and most frequently arising from the major salivary glands. Minor salivary glands, although small, are widely distributed throughout the oral cavity and upper aerodigestive tract and contribute a significant portion of daily salivary secretion. Tumors of minor salivary glands in pediatric patients are rare but demonstrate a higher rate of malignancy compared with adults, making early diagnosis and appropriate management essential. While pleomorphic adenomas most commonly occur in the parotid gland and palate, ectopic presentations in atypical locations have been reported. Case report This case report describes a 14-year-old boy presenting with an enlarging, painless mass in the left buccal region. Imaging revealed a well-defined, enhancing lesion adjacent to the buccinator muscle without evidence of bone involvement or lymphadenopathy. The lesion was completely excised via an intraoral approach, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma. Conclusion Pleomorphic adenoma of the cheek is a rare entity in adolescent patients and may pose a diagnostic challenge due to its uncommon location and nonspecific clinical presentation. This case highlights the importance of including pleomorphic adenoma in the differential diagnosis of cheek masses in young individuals. Complete surgical excision with adequate margins remains the treatment of choice, and an intraoral approach can provide excellent functional and aesthetic outcomes. Long-term follow-up is essential to monitor for recurrence and potential malignant transformation.