A REVIEW ON CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, ANALYTICAL METHODS, CLINICAL TRIALS OF BEDAQUILINE

Bedaquiline, a diarylquinoline class medicine, delivers its bactericidal action by specifically blocking the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase enzyme of Mycobacterium TB, therefore interrupting its energy metabolism. Tuberculosis (TB) remains an ongoing globally issue, with almost one-third of the world’s population carrying latent TB infections. Due to the lipid-rich polysaccharide nature of the M. tuberculosis cell wall, which limits drugs penetration and increases antibiotic efflux, therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become even more challenging. Bedaquiline has emerged as a crucial component of MDR-TB treatment plans, showing strong effectiveness when used in combination therapy for adults. With a focus on its therapeutic value in the management of MDR-TB, this study examines its chemical characteristics, structure-activity correlations, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Along with discussing the various analytical techniques created for its quantification in various biological and pharmaceutical matrices, it also looks at important clinical trials that demonstrate its therapeutic efficacy and safety profile, ensuring precise monitoring, quality control, and therapeutic use optimization.