Evaluation of the physicochemical and biological properties of calcium silicate-based sealers with different plasticizing agents
Calcium silicate-based sealers commonly exhibit a sandy consistency, requiring plasticizers to improve handling and material plasticity. This study hypothesized that polymer-based vehicles could improve the manipulation properties of tricalcium silicate sealers without compromising their physicochemical and biological performance. Experimental sealers containing propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), hydroxyethyl cellulose, or carboxymethyl cellulose were compared with BioRoot RCS and distilled water. Physicochemical properties (ISO 6876:2012), chemical characterization, antimicrobial activity, and cytocompatibility were evaluated. Most formulations achieved adequate flow and radiopacity, whereas cellulose-based vehicles negatively affected flowability. None of the materials met the ISO film thickness requirement. PVA-containing sealer exhibited the lowest solubility (0.21%) and highest cell viability ( p < 0.05), suggesting improved matrix stability and favorable biological behavior. Although antimicrobial activity was not observed, PVA demonstrated promising potential as a vehicle for calcium silicate-based sealers.
Authors
- Larissa Pavanello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3469-4226)
- Karina Cogo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9048-8702)
- Camila S. Stolf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-2326)
- Ana Cristina Padilha Janini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3058-8557)
- Nilvan Alves da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8761-4520)
- Juliana D. Bronzato (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-7916)
- Marina Angélica Marciano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6244-2531)
- Bruno Martini Guimarães (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-4180)
- Márcia R. de Moura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-5553)
- Thiago Bessa Marconato Antunes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-3948)
- Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8449-0646)
- G.D. Silvestre Filho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2866-1233)
- Gabriel Bispo Carvalho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5012-1647)
Institutions
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR)
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (BR)
- São Paulo State Technological College (BR)
- Methodist University of Piracicaba (BR)
- Universidade Politecnica (MZ)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of materials research/Pratt's guide to venture capital sources
- Published
- 2026-07-30
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-026-01917-3
- Primary Topic
- Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas