A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON THE CLINICAL PROFILE AND MANAGEMENT OF ANEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

Background: Anemia is a condition in which there is A decline in quantity of erythrocytes or the quantity of blood hemoglobin levels is known as anemia. The function of hemoglobin is to carry oxygen to the tissues. Due to kidney failure and decreased erythropoietin synthesis, People with CKD frequently suffer from anemia. Over while, it can result in reduced oxygen supply to organs and other regions of the body. Objective: To determine anemia risk among CKD individuals with regards to Haemoglobin level. To examine The recommended course of action for those with an amplified risk of Anemia among CKD based on readings from hematology tests. Methodology: This is a prospective observational study to learn more about anemia and how to treat it in patients with CKD. The form for gathering data was created and utilised. This form primarily includes the patients clinical profile, hemoglobin levels, CKD Stage, treatment plan for managing anemia, and demographic information. Informational pamphlets were used for patient counselling, and follow-up will be ongoing. Results: A total of 170 cases of nephrology department were observed. Majority of cases were males 118 (69%). Most of them between age group 60 to 70 (41%). Hypertension with diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities observed in 68 patients (40%). majority of the patients had Hb levels 9-11 g/dL range (79 patients) indicating anemia was common in dialysis. In RBC Count most patients were in the range of 3-4 million/mm³ range with 79 patients (46%), creatinine levels were studied in which majority of 60 patients (35%) were in 6-9 mg/dL range. majority of therapy to manage anemia is ESA + Iron + Folic acid with 73 of patients. Conclusion: The study highlights that CKD dialysis patients commonly present with anemia due to multiple factors including iron and folic deficiency and reduced erythropoietin production, combined therapy with ESA and iron plays a key role in improving haematological outcomes.