Just How Wrong is Undisclosed LLM Use? Reply to Metcalf (2026)

Abstract Metcalf (2026) provides a productive commentary on our paper, ‘Is Undisclosed LLM Use Morally Wrong?’ (Sahebi & Montefiore, 2026). Metcalf characterises our view - the Faked-Competencies account - and argues that it fails to necessarily or sufficiently explain what is wrong about undisclosed LLM use. In its place, Metcalf endorses a pluralism of explanations involving, in addition to the Faked-Competencies Account, deceptions over care, and deceptions over one’s identity. In this commentary, we endorse these additions and welcome a pluralism of explanations in capturing the wrongness of undisclosed LLM use. We also note a few points of difference between Metcalf’s analysis of this debate and how we understand it.