Impact of pesticide and their residues on wildlife

The excessive use of pesticides in the current agricultural practices has greatly improved crop productivity but at the same time caused unforeseen ecological impacts; particularly the negative effects by the usage of pesticides on non-targeted populations of wildlife and organisms leading to depletion of biodiversity. This takes place by the exposure to the pesticide residues through many ways of their entry into the ecosystem, which causes the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of these pesticides in the body of an organism. Birds, in particular, are very sensitive to the poisoning caused due to pesticides and their populations suffer great harm. It is the combined effect of the toxicity of different agrochemicals such as carbamates, organophosphates, and persistent organochlorine compounds (endosulfan); as a result of their vast application practices along with the ecological factors, and the landscape configuration, the harmful effects are seen on the biodiversity. This makes it extremely important to detect the presence of these pesticide residues within the wildlife populations. Therefore, the necessity of developing new technologies and approaches for the detection of pesticide residues in wildlife is critical.