The Lived Experience of Sudden Cardiac Arrest Survivors: A Descriptive Phenomenological Study

BACKGROUND: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a life-threatening event that profoundly affects the physical, psychological, social, and overall well-being of survivors. Implementation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) may further contribute to psychosocial challenges, despite providing a sense of reassurance. However, the multidimensional and overall effects on SCA survivors with ICDs are not been fully understood. OBJECTIVE: In this study, our aim was to explore the lived experiences of SCA survivors with ICDs, focusing on adaptation, meaning in life, and insights to support psychological well-being and quality of life. METHODS: A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted using Giorgi's method. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 SCA survivors with ICDs at a tertiary hospital in South Korea. Data were analyzed using Giorgi's phenomenological method to identify essential themes of the participants. RESULTS: Five major themes and the subthemes emerged: (1) Resuscitation on the Threshold of Death, (2) Instability within Stability, (3) A Life Disrupted from the Ordinary, (4) Enduring Daily Life Alone and Moving Forward, and (5) Embracing an Imperfect Second Life. Each theme comprises 2 to 4 subthemes. In Theme 3, 2 unique subthemes emerged: anxiety about harming others and hesitancy toward marriage. CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight the psychosocial challenges of SCA survivors with ICDs, emphasizing common experiences and unique concerns. These results underscore the need for long-term psychological support, social reintegration, and tailored interventions to enhance quality of life. By addressing both shared and distinctive experiences, the study deepens understanding of survivors' adaptation and provides a foundation for patient-centered care programs.