Differences in practices for surgical site infection prevention in neonatal surgery between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons: a multicenter survey in Japan
OBJECTIVE: To assess the current surgical site infection prevention practices in neonatal surgery, especially focusing on the factors that determine the duration of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) and the differences between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a questionnaire survey, which targeted neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, and infectious disease specialists at pediatric hospitals or university hospitals in Japan. RESULTS: Responses were obtained from 32 hospitals. Some practices, such as criteria for discontinuing PAP, intraoperative re-administration of PAP, and preoperative decontamination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, were different between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons. Regarding criteria for discontinuing PAP, pediatric surgeons tended to select "fixed duration", while neonatologists more often relied on "C-reactive protein levels." CONCLUSION: PAP discontinuation practices in neonatal surgery reflect distinct time-based and biomarker-guided decision-making approaches between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists, indicating the need for clearer evidence and consensus. More standardized, evidence-based approaches are required.
Authors
- Jun Fujishiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9451-8318)
- Hisao Okabe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2416-3288)
- Takayo Shoji
- Ryu Yoneda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1218-3487)
- Takemi Murai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8745-7809)
- Takayuki Hoshina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8005-0072)
- Masayoshi Shinjoh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6291-7186)
- Shinsuke Mizuno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0193-4916)
- Akihiko Shimizu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3261-4616)
- Chikara Ogimi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-8152)
- Yoshihiro Takahashi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7307-2302)
- Taizo Kusano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-820X)
- Kazumichi Fujioka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-6447)
- Yuho Horikoshi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5875-1024)
- T Okumura
- Yoshiaki Shikama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9876-7884)
- Yoshiaki Cho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6708-8321)
- Yuki Muta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5812-7165)
- Takafumi Okada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8409-0626)
- Masatoshi Nozaki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0391-6957)
- Yoshie Sakurai
- Tomohiro Sunouchi
- Yoshiki Kusama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7072-2338)
- Toru Higuchi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6325-6124)
- Tomohiro Katsuta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3889-2449)
- Kenta Ito
- Koo Nagasawa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3342-3363)
- Naho Fujiwara
- Chizuka Seki
- Daisuke Tamura
- Yoshitomo Motomura
- Hiroki Sakurai
- Hiroki Miura
- Sho Ishii
Institutions
- Fukushima Medical University (JP)
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Fujita Health University (JP)
- Jichi Medical University (JP)
- St. Marianna University School of Medicine (JP)
- Keio University (JP)
- Juntendo University (JP)
- Miyagi Children's Hospital (JP)
- Nagoya University Hospital (JP)
- Tohoku University Hospital (JP)
- Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital (JP)
- Chiba University Hospital (JP)
- Fukuoka Children's Hospital and Medical Center for Infectious Diseases (JP)
- National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center (JP)
- University of Tokyo Hospital (JP)
- Kanagawa Children's Medical Center (JP)
- Kagoshima University Hospital (JP)
- Saitama Medical University Hospital (JP)
- Children's Medical Center (US)
- Kobe Children's Hospital (JP)
- National Center For Child Health and Development (JP)
- Chiba Hospital (JP)
- Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital (JP)
- Nagano Children's Hospital (JP)
- Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center (JP)
- Gunma Children's Medical Center (JP)
- Ibaraki Children's Hospital (JP)
- Osaka University Hospital (JP)
- Social Insurance Saitama Chuo Hospital (JP)
- Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults (JP)
- Shizuoka Children's Hospital (JP)
- Osaka City University Hospital (JP)
- Kobe University (JP)
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Saitama Medical University (JP)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Perinatology
- Published
- 2026-07-30
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-026-02803-w
- Primary Topic
- Surgical site infection prevention
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- University of Tokyo