Evaluation of the Emergency Response Capabilities for Flood Disasters in Shaanxi Province

With the rapid economic development and the frequent occurrence of extreme climate events, flood disasters pose an increasingly severe challenge to the safety of urban systems. To conduct scientific assessment and enhance the emergency response capabilities for flood disasters, First, analyze the causes and mechanisms of flood disasters. Based on the PSR theory, a multi-dimensional evaluation system consisting of 3 secondary indicators, 7 tertiary indicators, and 21 quaternary indicators is constructed. Ten prefecture-level cities in Shaanxi Province are selected as empirical objects, and official data from 2019 to 2023 are collected for quantitative assessment. Secondly, the entropy weight method and the coefficient of variation method are comprehensively applied to determine the weights of the indicators, and a comprehensive scoring model is constructed based on the weighted summation method. The spatial distribution map, dimension proportion map and time evolution map of the emergency response capability are drawn, and the evaluation grades of the flood disaster emergency response capabilities of each prefecture-level city are obtained. Finally, based on the analysis results, improvement paths are proposed. The results show that there are significant differences in the emergency response capabilities for flood disasters among various cities in Shaanxi Province. Among them, Xi'an City has an evaluation score of 0.5704, which is the highest; Yulin City follows closely with a score of 0.4631; in the southern part of Shaanxi Province, cities like Hanzhong and Weinan still need improvement. Tongchuan City has performed outstandingly in post-disaster recovery, while cities like Shangluo need to improve their level of early warning service information. This model provides a scientific basis for flood disaster emergency management, helping to reduce disaster losses and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.