Hands that build, hearts that tolerate: experiences of female apprentices in Ghana’s informal apprenticeship training system

Although recent policy reforms have increased female enrolment in technical and vocational education and training (TVET), particularly in occupations traditionally dominated by men, the everyday experiences of women during their training remain largely neglected. This study explores the experiences of informal female apprentices in Ghana from the perspective of gender performativity theory. This qualitative study utilizes a phenomenological research design and analyzes data using a content analytic framework. The findings revealed that the experiences of female apprentices in Ghana’s informal apprenticeship training system can be explained by gender and occupational choice; gender norms and workplace behaviors; gender and eco-financial independence; and gender and emotional labor. The paper concludes by highlighting an urgent need for policy and practical interventions that reduce gender stereotypes, promote respectful workplace behaviors, and reduce emotional labor for female apprentices in Ghana’s informal apprenticeship system.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
International Journal of Training Research
Published
2026-07-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/14480220.2026.2709764
Primary Topic
Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Hands that build, hearts that tolerate: experiences of female apprentices in Ghana’s informal apprenticeship training system

Samuel Howard Quartey, Evans Sokro
International Journal of Training Research
Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
article

Hands that build, hearts that tolerate: experiences of female apprentices in Ghana’s informal apprenticeship training system

Samuel Howard Quartey, Evans Sokro
article en

Abstract

Although recent policy reforms have increased female enrolment in technical and vocational education and training (TVET), particularly in occupations traditionally dominated by men, the everyday experiences of women during their training remain largely neglected. This study explores the experiences of informal female apprentices in Ghana from the perspective of gender performativity theory. This qualitative study utilizes a phenomenological research design and analyzes data using a content analytic framework. The findings revealed that the experiences of female apprentices in Ghana’s informal apprenticeship training system can be explained by gender and occupational choice; gender norms and workplace behaviors; gender and eco-financial independence; and gender and emotional labor. The paper concludes by highlighting an urgent need for policy and practical interventions that reduce gender stereotypes, promote respectful workplace behaviors, and reduce emotional labor for female apprentices in Ghana’s informal apprenticeship system.

International Journal of Training Research
University of Ghana (GH)
Gender equality
Openalex Percentile: Top 4%
Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.