Antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogens: A cross-sectional study

Objectives: Urinary tract infections are among the most common infections encountered in clinical practice and impose a significant healthcare burden. Gram-negative bacteria are the predominant causative agents, and increasing antimicrobial resistance has complicated treatment. Periodic evaluation of local resistance patterns is therefore essential. This study aimed to isolate and identify bacterial uropathogens from urine samples and assess their antimicrobial resistance patterns. Material and Methods: Urine samples received in the microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital were processed using standard microbiological procedures. Bacterial identification was carried out using conventional biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: A total of 110 culture-positive urine samples were analyzed. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated organism (41%), followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (21%) and Klebsiella spp. (17%). Gram-negative isolates showed high resistance to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, and fluoroquinolones, while better susceptibility was observed to nitrofurantoin, aminoglycosides, and carbapenems. Conclusion: E. coli remained the predominant uropathogen with a concerning increase in antimicrobial resistance. Regular surveillance of local antibiogram data is essential to guide empirical therapy and improve patient outcomes.