MOF‐Derived Transition Metal Carbide@Electroactive Polypyrrole Nanohybrid‐Based High‐Performance and Stretchable Multimodal Patch for Perspiration Analysis

ABSTRACT High‐temperature carbonization of MOF‐derived nanomaterials offers several advantages for wearable electrochemical sensors; however, their analytical sensitivity is often limited by surface hydrophobicity and the aggregation of transducing materials, which reduce the effective electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) and hinder interfacial charge‐transfer efficiency. Herein, we report a stretchable multimodal biosensing patch based on an NENU‐5‐derived molybdenum carbide nano‐octahedra@polypyrrole (MoC x ‐Oct@PPy) nanohybrid integrated onto styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS)‐transferred, laser‐engraved graphene (LEG) electrodes for sweat‐based sensing of glucose, vitamin C, sodium ions, and pH. The MoC x ‐Oct@PPy nanohybrid enhances interfacial wettability, increases ECSA, and facilitates charge‐transfer kinetics, thereby promoting the uniform deposition of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and improving overall electrochemical performance. The developed patch achieves excellent sensitivities of 154.6 and 120.98 µA mM −1 cm −2 for the enzymatic glucose and vitamin C sensing, respectively, with detection limits of 2.73 and 0.773 µ m . In addition, the Na + ion‐selective and polyaniline (PANI)‐based pH sensors exhibit near‐Nernstian responses, confirming the patch's multimodal functionality. The multifunctional patch, integrated with a microfluidic system, enables reliable on‐body perspiration analysis during active cycling. Overall, this work presents a scalable carbide–polymer nanohybrid strategy for constructing advanced multimodal wearable biosensing platforms with strong potential for personalized healthcare applications.