How Is Digital Development Configured to Agricultural Product Supply Chain Resilience? A Configurational Analysis of Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong Provinces

Digital development is becoming increasingly embedded in agricultural production, agricultural product circulation, and market service systems. The relationship between digital resources and the stable operation, coordinated response, and recovery adjustment of agricultural product supply chains under external shocks has become an important issue in agricultural modernization and sustainable agricultural development. Using provincial-level data from Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong covering the period from 2014 to 2023, this study applies the entropy weight method, necessary condition analysis (NCA), and fsQCA. Based on the resource-based view and dynamic capability theory, this study constructs an analytical framework linking resource configuration, scenario embeddedness, and capability transformation for agricultural product supply chain resilience, and examines multiple configurational paths through which different digital conditions are associated with agricultural product supply chain resilience. The results show that high agricultural product supply chain resilience is closely related to the coordinated matching of digital infrastructure, rural logistics networks, information and communication services, digital finance, and governance support. Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong present three paths: information service and circulation synergy, logistics network support, and digital circulation synergy. The degree of fit between digital resources and specific supply chain scenarios, including agricultural production, agricultural product circulation, financial services, and governance support, helps explain differences in agricultural product supply chain resilience among the three provinces.