Open-ended innovation in zero-sum games

This note discusses zero-sum games with open-ended innovation, whereby each player may introduce new strategies. The innovation process is modelled as a draw of new strategies form a distribution. It is argued that, under generic conditions, this setting can lead to an everlasting innovation arm race, because the introduction of new technologies of one player increases the marginal utility for technological innovation of the opponent.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-07-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21645762
Primary Topic
Game Theory and Applications
Type
preprint
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Open-ended innovation in zero-sum games

Matteo Marsili
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Game Theory and Applications
preprint

Open-ended innovation in zero-sum games

Matteo Marsili
preprint en

Abstract

This note discusses zero-sum games with open-ended innovation, whereby each player may introduce new strategies. The innovation process is modelled as a draw of new strategies form a distribution. It is argued that, under generic conditions, this setting can lead to an everlasting innovation arm race, because the introduction of new technologies of one player increases the marginal utility for technological innovation of the opponent.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) (IT)
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Game Theory and Applications
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Open-ended innovation in zero-sum games — Matteo Marsili · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS