Unmasking Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Early Detection, Clinical Outcomes, and Preventive Strategies

Background: - One of the main causes of death worldwide is heart disease. Nearly 25% of cardiac patients experience non-fatal myocardial infractions or unexpected fatalities without any warning signs. Therefore, silent heart attacks are also known as silent myocardial infractions (SMI), and they might be entirely asymptomatic or have symptoms that are so subtle that patients are unable to recognize them. Even so, the ECG may not always be able to identify the symptoms. However,the signs of a traditional heart attack include cold chills, sobs, and chest pain. Despite their understated appearance, they pose serious long-term health hazards and harm the heart to the same extent. We believed that the fundamental processes of SMI involved a reduction or obstruction in the heart’s blood flow, upon forming plaques.The following patient groups are subjected here like Hypertension and hyper lipidaemia, diabetic, elderly, women, and smoking, Increased awareness regularly screening and preventive measures are essential to mitigate the silent threat by these unrecognised heart attacks. Hence, this study explores a complete prevalence, Risk factors and outcomes of silent heart attacks across different patient groups.