Study on the Adaptive AVSG-MPC Control Strategy for Mitigating PulsedLoad Impact Current in Shipboard Systems

To mitigate oscillatory instability caused by pulsed-load impact currents in diesel-generator-based medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) integrated power systems, an adaptive virtual synchronous generator (AVSG)-based model predictive control (MPC) strategy is proposed. A mathematical model of the pulsed load and its power-supply circuit is established based on the MVDC system architecture, and the overall transfer function from the load side to the source side is derived. On this basis, the relationship between the pulsed-load impact currents and diesel-generator speed fluctuation is clarified, and the coupling between the disturbance frequency and the generator’s inherent frequency is revealed. In addition, the active compensation mechanism of a supercapacitor–lithium-battery hybrid energy storage system is analyzed. An AVSG control strategy suitable for MVDC systems is then developed, and adaptive tuning laws for the virtual inertia and damping coefficients are designed. MPC is incorporated into the current inner loop of the hybrid energy storage system to improve the dynamic response. Hardware-in-the-loop results obtained on the RT Box 3 platform verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.