Comprehensive Evaluation of Power Grid Renewable Energy Hosting Capacity Based on the EWM-GRA-TOPSIS Method

To address the supply–security pressures and hosting capacity assessment challenges arising from the high penetration of renewable energy into power systems, this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation method for grid renewable energy hosting capacity based on the entropy weight method, technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, and grey relational analysis (EWM-GRA-TOPSIS). First, a multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation index system is established, encompassing security and stability, operational economy, flexible power supply security, and renewable energy penetration. Subsequently, a comprehensive hosting capacity evaluation model is formulated. Within the operational simulation layer, key evaluation metrics across diverse renewable energy deployment alternatives are quantified based on time-series production simulation and power flow calculations. In the data processing layer, the EWM is employed to determine index weights, while GRA measures the morphological similarity between alternatives and the ideal sequence. Concurrently, TOPSIS evaluates their geometric proximity, enabling a coordinated trade-off among multi-dimensional metrics and the final ranking of the alternatives. Finally, the result output layer yields the comprehensive assessment outcomes and the prioritized ranking of the proposed scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively evaluates the hosting capacity of various development scenarios, thereby providing a robust decision-making basis for power system planning and operation that balances high grid capacity with optimal comprehensive benefits.