Relationship Between External Abdominal Pressure, and Respiratory and Physical Functions in Older Individuals Living in the Community

OBJECTIVE: External abdominal pressure may reflect both respiratory and physical functions. However, the nature of these relationships in community-dwelling older adults remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to clarify the relationships between external abdominal pressure and respiratory and physical functions in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: Respiratory function and muscle strength were evaluated using a spirometer. Physical function was assessed using grip strength, knee extensor strength, chair stand test, 5-m walking speed, seated stepping and one-leg standing test. Age, sex, height and weight were adjusted, and Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Sixty-seven community-dwelling older adults participated in a physical fitness measurement session, including external abdominal pressure measurements. External abdominal pressure was significantly and positively correlated with vital capacity (VC), forced VC, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, maximum inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax), knee extensor strength and grip strength. Sex and knee extensor strength were independent factors associated with external abdominal pressure. CONCLUSIONS: External abdominal pressure in older adults was associated with both respiratory and physical functions. Sex and lower-limb muscle strength were identified as independent associated factors. These findings suggest that external abdominal pressure may be a useful non-invasive indicator reflecting physical function in older adults.