Which conditions make the train a convenient modal alternative in interurban commuting for different commuting profiles? A comprehensive analysis based on mobile phone data

The objective of this research is to analyse interurban commuting at regional level focusing on the first and last mile (FLM). Employing an origin-destination matrix derived from cell phone big data (CBD), the study focuses on train commuting in the Friuli – Venezia Giulia (FVG) region of Italy. Through Latent Class Analysis (LCA), four distinct commuting profiles were identified, reflecting different modality styles. These profiles were then examined using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) to assess the factors influencing commuting behaviours and those related to FLM. The results of the study shed light on several implications for transportation policy, including some factors that positively inform the predisposition towards the rail-based mode for the daily commuting. The study further advocates for the implementation of an intermodal transportation system featuring integrated tariffs and coordinated schedules to effectively address the needs of both frequent and irregular travellers.