The Uniqueness of the Sheldon Prime via Explicit Bounds for the n-th Prime

We reconstruct the proof of the uniqueness of the Sheldon prime using explicit, verifiable bounds for the $n$-th prime $p_n$ (Rosser–Schoenfeld 1962; Dusart 2010) combined with the elementary product and mirror properties of Pomerance–Spicer (2019), thereby replacing the inverse logarithmic integral $\operatorname{li}^{-1}$ on which the original argument relies. Main theorem (RH-conditional). Under the Riemann Hypothesis, $p_{21}=73$ is the unique Sheldon prime: it is the only prime $p_n$ for which the product property $D(p_n)=n$ and the mirror property $\operatorname{rev}(p_n)=p_{\operatorname{rev}(n)}$ hold simultaneously. The RH-conditioning enters through the explicit Schoenfeld (1976) bound $|\pi(x)-\operatorname{li}(x)|<\frac{\sqrt{x}\,\ln x}{8\pi}$ for $x\ge 2657$, which the present reconstruction invokes for the analytic window above the small-index regime; the global theorem is therefore declared here only under RH, and is not claimed to be unconditional. Unconditional sub-claim (separately labelled). For the seven indices $n\le 29$ flagged as inherited_unconditional in the audit schema, the search-space elimination is carried out by exact OEIS A000040 data alone and does not invoke any RH-dependent bound; in particular, the elimination of every index $n\le 29$ with $n\neq 21$ is unconditional. This must not be conflated with the global RH-conditional statement above. Relation to Pomerance–Spicer (2019). Pomerance and Spicer established the same uniqueness statement unconditionally along a different analytic route, depending on bounds for $\operatorname{li}^{-1}$. The present paper does not reproduce their unconditional theorem; it provides an independent, audit-friendly reconstruction whose unambiguous residual is the survivor $n=21$, and whose global conclusion is gated by the RH-conditional Schoenfeld bound. The reconstructed proof is supported by a certified enumeration certificate and a lightweight checker (7/7 blocks C1–C7 PASS) whose residual set is exactly the singleton $\{21\}$. Note on this deposit. This is an unfinished working draft, deposited as-is at the author's request. The PDF was built with citation processing disabled: bibliographic citations appear as unresolved keys (e.g. @Dusart2010) and the reference list is absent. Some LaTeX macros in the title-page abstract and main-theorem statement are not rendered. The title page carries unfilled author/date placeholders. A corrected version is expected to be deposited as a new version of this record.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-07-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21628593
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
preprint
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
preprint

The Uniqueness of the Sheldon Prime via Explicit Bounds for the n-th Prime

Maximiliano Lucius
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
preprint

The Uniqueness of the Sheldon Prime via Explicit Bounds for the n-th Prime

Maximiliano Lucius
preprint en

Abstract

We reconstruct the proof of the uniqueness of the Sheldon prime using explicit, verifiable bounds for the $n$-th prime $p_n$ (Rosser–Schoenfeld 1962; Dusart 2010) combined with the elementary product and mirror properties of Pomerance–Spicer (2019), thereby replacing the inverse logarithmic integral $\operatorname{li}^{-1}$ on which the original argument relies. Main theorem (RH-conditional). Under the Riemann Hypothesis, $p_{21}=73$ is the unique Sheldon prime: it is the only prime $p_n$ for which the product property $D(p_n)=n$ and the mirror property $\operatorname{rev}(p_n)=p_{\operatorname{rev}(n)}$ hold simultaneously. The RH-conditioning enters through the explicit Schoenfeld (1976) bound $|\pi(x)-\operatorname{li}(x)|<\frac{\sqrt{x}\,\ln x}{8\pi}$ for $x\ge 2657$, which the present reconstruction invokes for the analytic window above the small-index regime; the global theorem is therefore declared here only under RH, and is not claimed to be unconditional. Unconditional sub-claim (separately labelled). For the seven indices $n\le 29$ flagged as inherited_unconditional in the audit schema, the search-space elimination is carried out by exact OEIS A000040 data alone and does not invoke any RH-dependent bound; in particular, the elimination of every index $n\le 29$ with $n\neq 21$ is unconditional. This must not be conflated with the global RH-conditional statement above. Relation to Pomerance–Spicer (2019). Pomerance and Spicer established the same uniqueness statement unconditionally along a different analytic route, depending on bounds for $\operatorname{li}^{-1}$. The present paper does not reproduce their unconditional theorem; it provides an independent, audit-friendly reconstruction whose unambiguous residual is the survivor $n=21$, and whose global conclusion is gated by the RH-conditional Schoenfeld bound. The reconstructed proof is supported by a certified enumeration certificate and a lightweight checker (7/7 blocks C1–C7 PASS) whose residual set is exactly the singleton $\{21\}$. Note on this deposit. This is an unfinished working draft, deposited as-is at the author's request. The PDF was built with citation processing disabled: bibliographic citations appear as unresolved keys (e.g. @Dusart2010) and the reference list is absent. Some LaTeX macros in the title-page abstract and main-theorem statement are not rendered. The title page carries unfilled author/date placeholders. A corrected version is expected to be deposited as a new version of this record.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Oldham Council (GB)
Analytic Number Theory Research
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.