Multidimensional assessment of urban water security under post-disaster and environmental stress conditions

Urban water security has become a key component of sustainable development, especially in regions affected by hydrological uncertainty and socio-environmental vulnerability. This study conducts a systematic literature review combined with a global bibliometric analysis to map and evaluate the evolution of multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) models applied to water security assessment. A total of 112 peer-reviewed articles published between 2001 and 2024 were retrieved from major scientific databases. The analysis integrates bibliometric and content-based approaches to identify research trends, thematic clusters, and methodological advances linking MCDA and geospatial tools in water management. Results highlight the predominance of studies from Asia (38%) and the frequent application of AHP, PROMETHEE, and fuzzy methods integrated with GIS. Eight thematic domains were identified: groundwater, water quality, water resources management, indicators, water supply, climate change, allocation, and risk reduction. Despite progress, gaps remain in integrating hydrological, socio-economic, resilience, and governance dimensions, particularly in post-disaster urban contexts. By consolidating fragmented knowledge, this study offers strategic insights and a conceptual foundation for applying geospatial multicriteria models to public policy, supporting adaptive, resilience-oriented strategies for equitable and sustainable urban water management.