Integrating Eye Tracking and Self-Report for Sensory–Emotion Evaluation of Red Bean and Coix Seed Water: A Complementary Validation Framework

To examine whether gaze behavior on the rating scale can complement conventional self-report, twenty-four volunteers evaluated three red bean and coix seed water beverages on sensory attributes, EsSense-based emotional terms, and preference, while their fixations on the response scale were recorded using a synchronous area-of-interest design. Two indices were extracted: the questionnaire rating (QR), reflecting the consciously selected score, and the eye tracking-derived rating (ETR), defined as the longest-fixated score option. QR and ETR were strongly correlated (ICC: 0.88–0.89) and produced an identical preference ranking (R1 > R2 > R3), yet the wide limits of agreement indicated that they are not interchangeable at the individual level. Across the sensory–preference, sensory–emotion, and emotion–preference layers, QR consistently yielded stronger correlations than ETR. Warmth and sweetness were positively associated with positive emotions and liking, and “Good-natured” was the most stable emotional correlate of liking. Gaze behavior thus provides a process-oriented complement to, rather than a replacement for, self-report.

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Publication Details

Journal
Foods
Published
2026-07-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15152628
Primary Topic
Sensory Analysis and Statistical Methods
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Integrating Eye Tracking and Self-Report for Sensory–Emotion Evaluation of Red Bean and Coix Seed Water: A Complementary Validation Framework

Xiaojing Leng, Yue Zhao, Yizhen Huang, Haoqun Zhang et al.
Foods
Sensory Analysis and Statistical Methods
article

Integrating Eye Tracking and Self-Report for Sensory–Emotion Evaluation of Red Bean and Coix Seed Water: A Complementary Validation Framework

Xiaojing Leng, Yue Zhao, Yizhen Huang, Haoqun Zhang, Yuli Hao
article en

Abstract

To examine whether gaze behavior on the rating scale can complement conventional self-report, twenty-four volunteers evaluated three red bean and coix seed water beverages on sensory attributes, EsSense-based emotional terms, and preference, while their fixations on the response scale were recorded using a synchronous area-of-interest design. Two indices were extracted: the questionnaire rating (QR), reflecting the consciously selected score, and the eye tracking-derived rating (ETR), defined as the longest-fixated score option. QR and ETR were strongly correlated (ICC: 0.88–0.89) and produced an identical preference ranking (R1 > R2 > R3), yet the wide limits of agreement indicated that they are not interchangeable at the individual level. Across the sensory–preference, sensory–emotion, and emotion–preference layers, QR consistently yielded stronger correlations than ETR. Warmth and sweetness were positively associated with positive emotions and liking, and “Good-natured” was the most stable emotional correlate of liking. Gaze behavior thus provides a process-oriented complement to, rather than a replacement for, self-report.

FoodsVol. 15(15)
University of Macau (MO), China Agricultural University (CN), City University of Macau (MO)
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Sensory Analysis and Statistical Methods
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