Technology-Facilitated Gender Based Violence and Indian Law

Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence and Indian Law is a lecture presentation by Shivani Mamgain, PhD Scholar at NALSAR University of Law, examining the legal and socio-legal dimensions of technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) in India. The lecture was delivered as part of the Double Credit Course on Cyber Crime and Cyber Forensics through the Lens of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, organised by the Centre for Criminal Justice and Human Rights (CCJHR), National Law University Odisha, on 25 July 2026. The presentation is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 licence. The lecture introduces the concept of technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) as developed by UN Women and analyses the emerging landscape of digital violence against women, girls, LGBTQIA+ persons, and gender minorities in India. It examines how existing legal frameworks—including the Information Technology Act, 2000, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS), the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POCSO), and related statutory provisions—address offences committed through digital technologies. Topics covered include: Technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) Cyberstalking Fake social media profiles and identity theft Online trolling and cyberbullying Sexting and non-consensual intimate image sharing Sextortion Doxxing Morphing and AI-generated deepfakes Cyber flashing Online child sexual exploitation Indian cybercrime laws and legal remedies Community-based responses to online abuse Digital safety and victim-centred approaches The presentation combines doctrinal legal analysis with contemporary policy developments, including recent reports from UN Women, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C), and the Parliamentary Committee on the Empowerment of Women (2025–26). It also incorporates a feminist, intersectional, and queer perspective to highlight both the possibilities and limitations of Indian cyber law in responding to digital gender-based violence. This resource is intended for researchers, legal academics, law students, judicial officers, police officers, cybercrime investigators, digital rights practitioners, policymakers, gender justice advocates, and educators working in the fields of cyber law, technology law, gender justice, digital rights, criminology, and human rights. Keywords Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence; TFGBV; Cyber Law India; Indian Cyber Law; Cybercrime; Gender-Based Violence; Online Harassment; Online Abuse; Cyberstalking; Cyberbullying; Online Trolling; Sextortion; Doxxing; Deepfakes; Morphing; Artificial Intelligence; AI and Law; Information Technology Act 2000; Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita; BNS 2023; POCSO Act; Women's Rights; LGBTQIA+ Rights; Digital Rights; Human Rights; Internet Governance; Platform Regulation; Technology Law; Digital Safety; Online Violence Against Women; Feminist Legal Studies; Queer Legal Theory; Indian Law; Legal Education; Cyber Forensics; National Law University Odisha; NALSAR University of Law.