Organizational Diversity Database: An Open Data Set on Firm Racial and Gender Composition

We introduce the Organizational Diversity Database, a set of open data sets that provides detailed demographic information for 466,626 firms in the United States from 2003 to 2023. To construct the database, we collected 570 million publicly available LinkedIn profiles, including more than 220 million profile photos, and identified each LinkedIn user’s race and gender using photos and names. We then aggregated this information to the firm-occupation-year level. The resulting database reports gender composition, racial composition, promotion rates, and turnover rates by race and gender for each occupation within each firm in each year. By making this database publicly available, we aim to facilitate research on racial and gender diversity and workplace inequality. Funding: Financial support from Harvard Business School is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2025.0393 .

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Strategy Science
Published
2026-07-24
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2025.0393
Primary Topic
Gender Diversity and Inequality
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Organizational Diversity Database: An Open Data Set on Firm Racial and Gender Composition

Letian Zhang, Simeng Wang
Strategy Science
Gender Diversity and Inequality
article

Organizational Diversity Database: An Open Data Set on Firm Racial and Gender Composition

Letian Zhang, Simeng Wang
article en

Abstract

We introduce the Organizational Diversity Database, a set of open data sets that provides detailed demographic information for 466,626 firms in the United States from 2003 to 2023. To construct the database, we collected 570 million publicly available LinkedIn profiles, including more than 220 million profile photos, and identified each LinkedIn user’s race and gender using photos and names. We then aggregated this information to the firm-occupation-year level. The resulting database reports gender composition, racial composition, promotion rates, and turnover rates by race and gender for each occupation within each firm in each year. By making this database publicly available, we aim to facilitate research on racial and gender diversity and workplace inequality. Funding: Financial support from Harvard Business School is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2025.0393 .

Strategy Science
Northwestern University (US), Columbia University (US)
Gender equality
Openalex Percentile: Top 4%
Gender Diversity and Inequality
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.

Organizational Diversity Database: An Open Data Set on Firm Racial and Gender Composition — Letian Zhang, Simeng Wang · Strategy Science (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS