Circadian clock and its potential as a therapy for ischemic heart disease

According to an epidemiological survey, myocardial infarction, ischemia–reperfusion injury, and aortic rupture usually occur in the morning and summer and are characterized by more severe symptoms and poorer prognosis. The occurrence, development, treatment difficulties, and poor prognosis of ischemic heart disease are closely related to circadian rhythm disorders and the abnormal transcription of circadian clock genes. Normal circadian rhythms regulate neurohumoral regulation and energy metabolism, thereby playing a protective or modulatory role in ischemic heart disease (IHD). HIF1α links the IHD and circadian signaling pathways through the hypoxia response element (HRE) and Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domains in gene promoters and enhancers.