Exploring the Challenges of Inland Container Depot (ICD) Development

Inland container depots (ICDs) are vital components of the global trade and logistics system for processing a substantial number of import, export and empty containers in Bangladesh. Despite playing a crucial role in easing port congestion and facilitating cargo flow, ICDs face several challenges that compromise operational effectiveness and service quality. This study investigates ICD challenges in Bangladesh through semi-structured interviews with port officials, ICD operators, freight forwarders and academics. The study reveals that policy inconsistencies lead to legal and regulatory impediments, operational inefficiencies, poor infrastructure, safety and security concerns, and location-specific restrictions as the challenges exist. The results demonstrate the urgent need for consistent legislation, infrastructure, and automation investment; improving road and rail networks; and initiating capacity-building programs. Addressing these issues through strategic planning and public–private partnerships would improve ICD performance and enhance supply chain competitiveness in Bangladesh.