Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia: A Review of the Literature

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), also known as Masson’s tumor, is a rare benign vascular lesion first described in 1923. Its pathogenesis involves thrombus formation influenced by stasis, trauma, hormones, or radiation, followed by endothelial proliferation and papillary formation. IPEH occurs in various anatomical locations, including the hand and wrist, with a predilection for the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Clinical presentation varies according to the site, ranging from asymptomatic slow-growing masses to syndromes caused by the compression of surrounding structures. Diagnosis relies on histopathology, supported by immunohistochemistry. Complete surgical excision remains the treatment of choice, with excellent prognosis and low recurrence rates.