Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Influencing Factors Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

BACKGROUND: Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face significantly higher mortality and poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL) than those with a single condition. However, evidence on HRQoL and its associated factors in these patients remains limited. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate HRQoL in patients with CHD and T2DM and identify associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 207 patients with CHD and T2DM from a tertiary hospital in Shiyan. Sociodemographic questionnaire, Euro Quality-of-Life 5 Dimensions 5-Level Questionnaire, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale were used to investigate the participants' HRQoL, medication adherence, and depression level. Data analysis was conducted using single-factor analysis and multiple linear regression to explore the factors influencing HRQoL. RESULTS: The mean Euro Quality-of-Life 5 Dimensions 5-Level Questionnaire score was 0.96 (standard deviation = 0.09), with pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression being the most frequently reported. Multiple regression analysis revealed that family history of disease, whether or not an individual knows something about the Chinese Food Guide Pagoda, sleep duration, regularity of work schedule, and severity of depression as potential factors associated with HRQoL in patients with CHD and T2DM. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CHD and T2DM generally exhibited a relatively high HRQoL. However, family history of disease, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with lower HRQoL. Targeted interventions emphasizing health education, behavioral modification, and psychological support may effectively enhance both physical and mental health in this population, thereby contributing to improved long-term outcomes and overall quality of life.