A K-R defect framework for classical inequalities: curvature recovery, uniqueness, stability, and applications to nonlinear boundary value problems

Abstract We develop a $K\text{--}R$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>–</mml:mtext> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:math> defect framework for classical inequalities centred on the normalised defect functional $\Phi _{f}(x,y;K,R) = D_{f}/(KR(x-y)^{2})$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>;</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> , where $D_{f}(x,y;K,R) = Kf(x)+Rf(y)-f(Kx+Ry)$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>;</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> for an admissible pair satisfying $K\ge 0$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:math> , $R\ge 0$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:math> , $K+R=1$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> . The framework establishes a complete forward-inverse curvature theory. The Curvature Recovery Theorem proves that $\Phi _{f}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> equals $\tfrac{1}{2}f''(\xi )$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>″</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ξ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> for some interior point ξ , making $\Phi _{f}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> a derivative-free curvature estimator. The Local Limit Theorem establishes exact pointwise curvature recovery in the limit, with an explicit error bound. The Uniqueness Principle proves that two $C^{2}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> functions with identical normalised defect fields differ by at most an affine function. The Constant Defect Characterisation identifies quadratic polynomials as precisely the $C^{2}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> functions with constant normalised defect. The Reconstruction Formula recovers f fro

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Journal
Boundary Value Problems
Published
2026-07-23
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13661-026-02333-6
Primary Topic
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
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article
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article

A K-R defect framework for classical inequalities: curvature recovery, uniqueness, stability, and applications to nonlinear boundary value problems

Ramakrishna Pasupuleti
Boundary Value Problems
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
article

A K-R defect framework for classical inequalities: curvature recovery, uniqueness, stability, and applications to nonlinear boundary value problems

Ramakrishna Pasupuleti
article en

Abstract

Abstract We develop a $K\text{--}R$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>–</mml:mtext> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:math> defect framework for classical inequalities centred on the normalised defect functional $\Phi _{f}(x,y;K,R) = D_{f}/(KR(x-y)^{2})$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>;</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> , where $D_{f}(x,y;K,R) = Kf(x)+Rf(y)-f(Kx+Ry)$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>;</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> for an admissible pair satisfying $K\ge 0$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:math> , $R\ge 0$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:math> , $K+R=1$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> . The framework establishes a complete forward-inverse curvature theory. The Curvature Recovery Theorem proves that $\Phi _{f}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> equals $\tfrac{1}{2}f''(\xi )$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo>″</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ξ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:math> for some interior point ξ , making $\Phi _{f}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> a derivative-free curvature estimator. The Local Limit Theorem establishes exact pointwise curvature recovery in the limit, with an explicit error bound. The Uniqueness Principle proves that two $C^{2}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> functions with identical normalised defect fields differ by at most an affine function. The Constant Defect Characterisation identifies quadratic polynomials as precisely the $C^{2}$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> functions with constant normalised defect. The Reconstruction Formula recovers f fro

Boundary Value Problems
Surya Hospitals (IN)
Reduced inequalities
Openalex Percentile: Top 5%
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
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