A Storytelling Approach to Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Community Health Education to Promote Early Recognition in Underserved Populations

The incidence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) has increased worldwide over recent decades. Early disease recognition reduces the occurrence of complications. Objective: This study aimed to determine if a community health education intervention utilizing a storytelling teaching method could increase knowledge and awareness regarding T1DM among underserved communities to promote early recognition. Methods: Six pharmacy students delivered educational sessions at various venues using standardized materials, including pamphlets, poster boards, and a narrative case titled “Recognizing the Signs: Bella’s Story.” The story illustrated the progression of unrecognized T1DM leading to complications, and discussions about common symptoms, risk factors, and management. Pre‑ and post‑surveys assessed knowledge and perceived awareness and confidence. A paired t-test was used to determine statistical differences. Results: A total of 124 individuals attended the sessions, with 100 completing both surveys. Mean knowledge scores were 54.41% + 24.19 vs 87.47% + 16.32, pre- vs post-survey, respectively, with improvements observed across all knowledge‑based questions. Participants demonstrated substantial gains in self‑reported awareness of symptoms and confidence in recognizing warning signs. Approximately 90% of participants indicated that the storytelling method was effective, and 87% reported learning new information. Conclusion: These findings suggest that storytelling-based community education is an effective strategy to enhance knowledge and awareness of T1DM and may support earlier recognition and prevention of severe complications in underserved populations.