Seed rate‐driven productivity dynamics: Exploring tef [ <i>Eragrostis tef</i> (Zucc.) Trotter] varietal adaptation in East Gojjam Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia

Abstract Tef [ Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is a key staple crop in Ethiopia, valued for its nutrition and adaptability, yet its productivity remains low among smallholder farmers. This is mainly due to the use of inappropriate seed rates and the limited availability of improved varieties, resulting in poor plant stands and low yields. A 2‐year field experiment (2022 and 2023) was conducted in Awabel and Aneded Districts using four improved varieties (Quncho, Abola, Dagim, and Kora) and five seed rates (10–30 kg ha −1 ) in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that seed rate, variety, and their interaction significantly affected growth and yield. The highest grain yield was obtained from Quncho at 25 kg ha −1 , followed by Kora at the same rate. The study indicates that optimizing the seed rate with improved varieties, particularly 25 kg ha −1 for Quncho and Kora, can significantly enhance tef productivity and support sustainable production under smallholder conditions.