Some remarks on geometric constraints on static spherically symmetric spacetimes

In this paper, we analyze the pairwise relationships among five geometric constraint approaches to Einstein’s field equations in static spherically symmetric spacetimes: vanishing complexity (VCC), the Karmarkar embedding condition (ECC), conformal flatness (CFC), the conformal Killing vector condition (CKVC), and the Karmarkar scalar condition (KSC). The implication ECC[Formula: see text]CFC [Formula: see text] VCC, together with the solution set [Formula: see text], was established by Chanda, Sharma, and Maharaj. 16 In the present paper, we prove the two remaining implications VCC[Formula: see text]CFC [Formula: see text] ECC and VCC[Formula: see text]ECC [Formula: see text] CFC, thereby showing that VCC, ECC, and CFC form a mutually dependent triad: any two conditions imply the third, and the solution space collapses to exactly the Schwarzschild interior and de Sitter solutions, with pressure anisotropy and the complexity factor vanishing identically. This equivalence has a single geometric origin: all three conditions enforce the vanishing of the electric Weyl scalar [Formula: see text]. The KSC, when paired with CFC, is even more restrictive, forcing constant density and admitting only the Schwarzschild interior solution under standard energy conditions; the algebraic core of this result is due to Ospino and Núñez, 28 and the present paper provides a complete proof with an explicit energy-condition argument establishing uniqueness. The CKVC is shown to be genuinely independent of the triad, constraining the conformal symmetry algebra rather than the Weyl curvature, and thus generating a structurally distinct family of solutions. These results unify and extend the recent works of B. S. Ratanpal, B. Suthar, and V. Shah [Mod. Phys. Lett. A 2650103 (2026)], S. Chanda, R. Sharma, and S. D. Maharaj, Gravit. Cosmol. (2026); arXiv:2602.15486 [gr-qc], and J. Ospino and L. A. Núñez [Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 166 (2020)], providing a complete pairwise classification of all five approaches.

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Publication Details

Journal
Modern Physics Letters A
Published
2026-07-22
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732326502160
Primary Topic
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Type
article
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article

Some remarks on geometric constraints on static spherically symmetric spacetimes

Ravindra K. Bisht
Modern Physics Letters A
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
article

Some remarks on geometric constraints on static spherically symmetric spacetimes

Ravindra K. Bisht
article en

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze the pairwise relationships among five geometric constraint approaches to Einstein’s field equations in static spherically symmetric spacetimes: vanishing complexity (VCC), the Karmarkar embedding condition (ECC), conformal flatness (CFC), the conformal Killing vector condition (CKVC), and the Karmarkar scalar condition (KSC). The implication ECC[Formula: see text]CFC [Formula: see text] VCC, together with the solution set [Formula: see text], was established by Chanda, Sharma, and Maharaj. 16 In the present paper, we prove the two remaining implications VCC[Formula: see text]CFC [Formula: see text] ECC and VCC[Formula: see text]ECC [Formula: see text] CFC, thereby showing that VCC, ECC, and CFC form a mutually dependent triad: any two conditions imply the third, and the solution space collapses to exactly the Schwarzschild interior and de Sitter solutions, with pressure anisotropy and the complexity factor vanishing identically. This equivalence has a single geometric origin: all three conditions enforce the vanishing of the electric Weyl scalar [Formula: see text]. The KSC, when paired with CFC, is even more restrictive, forcing constant density and admitting only the Schwarzschild interior solution under standard energy conditions; the algebraic core of this result is due to Ospino and Núñez, 28 and the present paper provides a complete proof with an explicit energy-condition argument establishing uniqueness. The CKVC is shown to be genuinely independent of the triad, constraining the conformal symmetry algebra rather than the Weyl curvature, and thus generating a structurally distinct family of solutions. These results unify and extend the recent works of B. S. Ratanpal, B. Suthar, and V. Shah [Mod. Phys. Lett. A 2650103 (2026)], S. Chanda, R. Sharma, and S. D. Maharaj, Gravit. Cosmol. (2026); arXiv:2602.15486 [gr-qc], and J. Ospino and L. A. Núñez [Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 166 (2020)], providing a complete pairwise classification of all five approaches.

Modern Physics Letters A
Openalex Percentile: Top 8%
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
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