Implementation of circular economy in managing construction and demolition waste through the resolve framework: a study on Sri Lankan real estate sector

Purpose The rapid growth of the real estate sector through continuous developments, refurbishments, renovations and demolitions has intensified construction and demolition (C&D) waste, worsening environmental impacts in major cities. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the implementation of circular economy (CE) principles through the ReSOLVE framework for effective C&D waste management within Sri Lanka's real estate sector. Design/methodology/approach After a comprehensive literature review identifying C&D waste management practices, a mixed-methods research approach was utilised. Data were collected through 10 expert interviews and a focused questionnaire survey, which received 30 responses. The data analysis was done through manual content analysis with the use of Excel to identify the C&D waste management practices in Sri Lanka, and the relative importance index (RII) was calculated to assess their importance level and the current implementation levels. Findings Findings revealed best practices for implementing the CE concept for C&D waste management through the ReSOLVE framework in Sri Lanka. Using prefabricated items designed for deconstruction, manufacturing and assembly to reduce onsite waste generation has not been widely practised in the Sri Lankan property sector. Moreover, blockchain technologies, GIS and building information modelling have not been sufficiently used due to the lack of understanding of the potential of digital technologies, and further research is suggested to increase their uptake. Further, this study provides actionable insights such as implementing proper store management and adequate labour supervision under ReSOLVE framework. Originality/value This study provides pioneering insights into the use of digital technologies and strategies to achieve circularity in managing C&D waste.