The concept of metrological validation of active measurement sensors - CENAGIS-MET

Abstract. Advances in optical measurement technologies have increased demands for accuracy, speed, and automation in coordinate metrology. This contribution introduces CENAGIS-MET, a metrological verification standard developed at the Warsaw University of Technology for assessing active range-based systems such as terrestrial laser scanners (TLS). Unlike traditional calibration fields designed for small ranges, CENAGIS-MET enables evaluation over large measurement areas, in accordance with modified VDI/VDE guidelines. The methodology incorporates probing error, sphere-spacing error, and flatness assessment using high-precision ceramic artefacts. Tests were conducted on Leica RTC360, Leica Nova MS60, Z+F 5006h, and a handheld Livox-based scanner (Mandeye). Results show RTC360 and MS60 fully meet the 1/5 relative error criterion, confirming suitability for engineering-grade applications. Z+F 5006h achieves partial compliance, requiring careful configuration, while Mandeye exceeds permissible thresholds, limiting its use to qualitative documentation. The article provided broader analyses of the accuracy of 3D shape reconstruction used for probing error, as well as roughness and planarity assessments to evaluate the overall distribution of the reference plane.