Effects of slope terrain on the propagation of blast waves

Topographic features such as hills and valleys significantly affect the propagation of blast waves. This study investigates the mechanisms by which terrain influences blast wave behavior. Blast experiments are performed with various slope angles, and pressure measurements are obtained at multiple locations on rising and falling slopes, with comparisons to flat-terrain pressures. Numerical simulations are also conducted to further examine the effects of rising and falling slopes on blast wave propagation. The results show that blast wave pressure over sloped terrain is dependent on the slope angle, incident angle, and incident wave intensity. Empirical prediction models for blast wave pressure over rising and falling slopes are proposed and validated.