Effects of Physalis philadelphica Lam. Husk Infusion on Obesity and Associated Metabolic Disturbances in an Experimental Model

Phytotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the management of obesity and related metabolic disorders. In this context, species of the Physalis genus have been widely recognized in traditional medicine for their potential therapeutic effects against these conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Physalis philadelphica husk infusion on obesity and associated metabolic disturbances such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and oxidative stress markers in diet-induced obese rats. Male Wistar rats were allocated into three groups (n = 8): (1) healthy control, (2) obese control group, and (3) intervention group (husk infusion). Obesity was induced using a high-fructose and high-saturated fat diet (~511.1 kcal/100 g), followed by 16 weeks of husk infusion administration. After euthanasia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Results showed that rats receiving the husk infusion exhibited a significant reduction in weight gain (~7.2%), serum glucose levels (22.8%), and free fatty acids (26%) compared to the obese control group, while no significant effects on insulin sensitivity, hepatic steatosis, or several lipid-related parameters were observed. Regarding oxidative stress markers, serum nitrite levels decreased by 33%, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the liver (30%) and adipose tissue (38%) were significantly reduced compared to the obese control group. Moreover, treated rats showed a significant increase in catalase (~1.2-fold) and superoxide dismutase (~2.8-fold) activity in the liver. These findings suggest that Physalis philadelphica husk infusion reduces hyperglycemia and improves oxidative stress in obese rats.