In Vitro and in Vivo Preliminary Pharmacological Evaluation of Two Algerian Plants Relevant to Accelerate Cutaneous Wound Healing in Wistar Rat's Skin

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial, and wound-healing properties of powders from Cytisus triflorus and Teucrium polium , plants endemic to Algeria harvested during two phenological stages and for enhancing wound care using a rat wound model. Methods Phytochemical characterization of powders has involved: total phenol, flavonoids and condensed tannins content, as well as the carbohydrates composition. Such investigation was supported by their efficiency as antibacterial and antioxidant determined by different test systems, namely DPPH radicals scavenging activity, reducing power and β-carotene bleaching assay. In this regard, a rat excision wound model was used to assess wound healing. Wound contraction, hydroxyproline contents and histological evaluation were performed. Results Powders from studied plants differed predominantly in their total phenol, flavonoids and condensed tannins content as well as the carbohydrates composition between phenological stages. Indeed, the powders from both plants harvested at the flowering stage showed a potential antioxidant activity and exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. After twelve days of treatment in excision wound model, wound contractions for Cfl’Ont and Tfl’Ont ointments mention a value of 100% which it showed highly significant temporal reduction in those wounds area ( P < .01) followed by Cfr’Ont and Tfr’Ont ointments with 98.11%, 96.88%, decreased epithelialization time, arranged derma and increased hydroxyproline content over the reference groups during the trial. Conclusion Our findings have proved, for the first time, scientific evidence of the efficiency of Algerian plants namely Cytisus triflorus L'Her and Teucrium polium to possess a remarkable wound healing activities supporting the folkloric assertion.