Uptake of prostate biopsy and its associated factors among patients previously confirmed to have elevated prostate-specific antigen levels at Kyabirwa surgical center, Jinja city: a cross-sectional study

PURPOSE: To assess prostate biopsy uptake and its associated factors among patients previously found to have elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen results at the Kyabirwa Surgical Center (KSC). METHOD: An analytical cross-sectional design was employed to study 52 male patients with elevated PSA levels (> 10 ng/mL) at the Kyabirwa Surgical Center. They were consecutively sampled, located in their areas of residence, and engaged in structured interviews. Data were collected and analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 26, with a log-binomial model for relationship analysis. RESULTS: The proportion of patients with elevated PSA levels at the KSC who underwent prostate biopsy was 55.8%, with most having their biopsies performed at the center (72.4%). Perceived good health status (aPR = 0.368¸95% CI = 0.155-0.877, p = 0.024) lowered the prevalence of uptake. However, educating patients about prostate health KSC (aPR = 2.150, 95% CI = 1.157-3.995, p = 0.015), the cost of a prostate biopsy (aPR = 2.647, 95% CI = 1.374-5.099, p = 0.004), the meaning of PSA results (aPR = 2.647, 95% CI = 1.374-5.099, p = 0.004), the importance of a biopsy, how it is performed (aPR = 2.078, 95% CI = 1.137-3.798, p = 0.016), and being followed up by healthcare workers at KSC to determine compliance with the instructions to perform a biopsy (aPR = 1.603, 95% CI = 1.074-2.394, p = 0.021) were associated with a higher prevalence of biopsy uptake. CONCLUSION: Only half of the patients who have elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen levels at the Kyabirwa Surgical Center and are advised to have a prostate biopsy done, go ahead and undergo biopsy. Only a few of them still have the biopsy done at other facilities, further emphasizing the fact that prostate cancer screening behavior is poor among men who are urged to undergo screening via biopsy by the KSC staff. The negative factors associated with prostate biopsy uptake are patient-related, while all positive factors associated with biopsy uptake are institutional and specifically related to post-test patient education.