AI-Enabled Cyber Resilience for Healthcare: Predictive Threat Detection and Risk Prioritization in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Digital Hospitals

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia hospitals are moving rapidly toward integrated electronic records, connected clinical devices, cloud hosting, virtual care, and analytics-enabled operations. These capabilities improve access and continuity, yet they also create a larger attack surface in which ransomware, identity compromise, data leakage, device manipulation, and supply-chain disruption may affect patient safety as well as information security. This review develops an AI-enabled cyber-resilience model for Kingdom of Saudi Arabia digital hospitals, with emphasis on predictive threat detection and clinically informed risk prioritisation. The objectives were to synthesise recent evidence on healthcare cyber threats, examine how machine learning and explainable analytics can support security operations, align cyber-resilience practices with Kingdom of Saudi Arabia regulatory expectations, and propose a practical model suitable for high-availability clinical environments. A structured narrative review was undertaken using targeted searches of Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and selected regulatory sources published from 2020 to 2025. Evidence was coded into five themes: digital-hospital attack surface, predictive detection, risk scoring, governance, and operational resilience. The synthesis indicates that AI can improve early detection when behavioural baselines, device telemetry, identity signals, vulnerability intelligence, and clinical criticality are fused in a governed security data layer. However, AI also introduces model drift, adversarial manipulation, privacy exposure, and automation bias. The proposed model therefore integrates zero-trust identity, monitored segmentation, AI-assisted security operations, clinician-aware triage, privacy controls, and disaster recovery into a single risk-prioritisation cycle. The review concludes that AI-enabled resilience should be treated as a socio-technical operating model rather than a tool purchase.