Exploring the Reasons Behind the Low Purchase Rate of CPAP Machines Among Adult Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Through Qualitative Research

Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disease worldwide. It increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the numerous benefits of CPAP in patients with OSA, half of the patients did not purchase a CPAP machine. There is limited data on why adult patients with OSA decide not to purchase a CPAP machine for personal use. Knowing these factors may be beneficial for physicians to address these barriers or provide some strategies for behavioral changes. Research Question To evaluate why adult patients with OSA did not purchase CPAP by using a qualitative phenomenological study to provide more in-depth details. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted until data saturation with 14 adult patients with OSA who did not purchase a CPAP machine. The qualitative data analysis was performed using content analysis and triangulation, with a comprehensive view to create data themes and a theme index from the experiences of individuals with OSA who did not purchase CPAP. Results There were two data themes in this study: perception of using the CPAP machine and decision-making regarding CPAP purchasing. Four key indexes were identified, including stigma of CPAP, perception of OSA, financial issues, and discomfort from CPAP. Conclusions The qualitative study found that the reasons for not purchasing a CPAP machine in patients with OSA are complex; potential factors include stigma of CPAP, perception of OSA, financial issues, and discomfort from CPAP. Importance to the Social Marketing Field Even though CPAP is a preventive treatment for future cardiovascular diseases caused by OSA, there are several barriers to purchasing CPAP. This research provides consumer insights into the low CPAP purchasing rates. Social marketers may use these results to develop potential campaigns or strategies for CPAP purchase at the individual, group, social, or national level.