Protocol for HIV-1 latency reversal using engineered bacteriophage T4 particles

A major barrier to curing HIV-1 is the latent viral reservoir in resting CD4+ T cells. Here, we present a protocol for preparing CD4-DARPin (designed ankyrin repeat protein)-T4 nanoparticles and their application to HIV-1 latency reversal in a model of HIV-1 latency. We describe steps for producing T4 capsid nanoparticles in E. coli and their decoration with the CD4-targeting DARPin ligand fused to the T4 outer capsid protein Hoc. We then detail procedures for assessing proviral reactivation using fluorescence readouts. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Batra et al. 1

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
STAR Protocols
Published
2026-07-18
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104714
Primary Topic
HIV Research and Treatment
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

Funders

Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Protocol for HIV-1 latency reversal using engineered bacteriophage T4 particles

Venigalla B. Rao, Himanshu Batra
STAR Protocols
HIV Research and Treatment
article

Protocol for HIV-1 latency reversal using engineered bacteriophage T4 particles

Venigalla B. Rao, Himanshu Batra
article en

Abstract

A major barrier to curing HIV-1 is the latent viral reservoir in resting CD4+ T cells. Here, we present a protocol for preparing CD4-DARPin (designed ankyrin repeat protein)-T4 nanoparticles and their application to HIV-1 latency reversal in a model of HIV-1 latency. We describe steps for producing T4 capsid nanoparticles in E. coli and their decoration with the CD4-targeting DARPin ligand fused to the T4 outer capsid protein Hoc. We then detail procedures for assessing proviral reactivation using fluorescence readouts. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Batra et al. 1

STAR ProtocolsVol. 7(3)
University of America (US), Catholic University of America (US)
National Institute on Drug Abuse, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 9%
HIV Research and Treatment
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.