Non-self-dual nontopological soliton in a pure Chern–Simons gauge model

Abstract A nontopological soliton of the Q-ball type in a Chern–Simons–Higgs gauge model is studied using both analytical and numerical methods. The general non-self-dual case is considered. It is shown that the soliton solution is an extremum of the energy functional at a fixed Noether charge. A differential relation between the energy, Noether charge, and the boundary value of the gauge potential of the soliton is derived. A linear relation between the components of the soliton energy is obtained. The parametric domain of existence of the soliton solution is determined. It is established that the soliton properties depend significantly on the form of the self-interaction potential of the scalar field. In particular, the energy and charge of the soliton can take arbitrarily large values only if the self-interaction potential has two degenerate zero minima.