Impact of Co-Supplementation of Gallic Acid With Vitamin C on Oxidant Stress, Inflammation, Hepatic and Renal Histology of Type 2 Diabetic Rats Induced With Fructose and Streptozotocin.

This study assessed the impact of gallic acid plus vitamin C on systemic oxidant stress, inflammation, hepatic and renal histology of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Twenty five albino male rats were allotted into five categories of five rats each and treated hereafter as: control and diabetic group (fed rat diets and water), vitamin C (diabetic treated rats administered vitamin C, 50 mg/kg), gallic acid (diabetic treated rats administered gallic acid at 20 mg/kg), gallic acid plus vitamin C (diabetic treated rats administered 20 mg/kg gallic acid and 50 mg/kg vitamin C). The study duration was forty two days. The diabetic group had significant raise (P<0.05) of fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance scores, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers (in the liver, kidney and serum), alteration of relative liver and kidney weights, liver and kidney function indices, significant decrease (P<0.05) in total hemoglobin, serum insulin, insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta cell function scores, body weights and pathological changes in their liver and kidney histology. These changes were ameliorated following supplementation of the diabetic group with gallic acid, vitamin C and gallic acid plus vitamin C combined treatment. Intervention with vitamin C was more efficacious than gallic acid. However, combined treatment of gallic acid plus vitamin C was more efficacious than the single treatments in modulating systemic and local oxidative stress, inflammation and in restoring the altered liver and kidney histology of the diabetic rats. Key words Antioxidants " Type 2 diabetes mellitus " Diabetic liver disease " Diabetic kidney complication " Natural products.