Brachial Artery Entrapment Due to Supracondylar Humerus Fracture—Two Case Reports

Background/Objectives: Supracondylar humerus fractures are among the most common pediatric fractures and may be associated with neurovascular complications. Brachial artery entrapment is a rare but limb-threatening condition requiring urgent recognition and management. Methods: We present two pediatric cases of brachial artery entrapment associated with displaced supracondylar humerus fractures. Clinical presentation, imaging findings, surgical management, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Both patients presented with absent radial pulse following trauma. Initial fracture reduction and fixation did not restore vascular flow. CT angiography confirmed brachial artery compromise. Surgical exploration with arterial decompression resulted in restoration of perfusion. One patient achieved full recovery, while the other developed severe neuropathy with partial recovery after rehabilitation. Conclusions: Brachial artery entrapment should be suspected in cases of persistent vascular compromise after fracture reduction. Prompt surgical intervention and thorough perioperative neurovascular assessment are essential to prevent long-term morbidity.